What is the term for a formal decision given by the court?

The term for a formal decision given by the court is "Judgment." In legal terminology, a judgment represents the official decision or ruling made by a judge or court following a legal proceeding. This decision resolves the dispute presented in the case, determining the rights and obligations of the parties involved. A judgment can address various issues such as liability, damages, or specific remedies that one party is entitled to receive from another.

Other terms in the list serve different purposes in the legal context. While "Fraud" refers to intentional deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, "Habeas corpus" is a legal principle aimed at protecting against unlawful detention. "Guardian" pertains to an individual who has been legally designated to take care of another person’s personal and property interests. Each of these terms plays a distinct role in law, but only "Judgment" specifically denotes the formal resolution issued by a court.